Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma is a kind of rare and valuable Chinese medicinal materials with a long history for medicinal use， which has been widely recognized worldwide. Due to different growing environments and processing methods， there are many Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma varieties circulating,on the market with a wide range of prices. However， Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma market is disrupted by several problems， such as unclear classification boundary， vague definition of different products and improper and inconsistent English names， which lead to low-quality and shoddy products being sold as high-quality ones in many shops. Under such circumstances， it is hard to guarantee the quality， regulate the market and promote high-quality products at a preferential price. It also affects the international trade and development of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and its products. Therefore， it is urgent to develop terminology standards to scientifically distinguish and standardize the different Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma varieties. In this paper， we systematically reviewed the status and problems of terminology standards of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma varieties， proposed classification， definition and translation principles based on related theories and problems， carried out case studies， and put forward suggestions for terminology standardization of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma varieties.