Objective,2,To compare serum and brain Gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA） as well as glutamic acid （Glu） in the sleep deprived rats due to ,Zhi, unrest in the kidney or ,Po, unrest in the lung， in order to provide reference for their classification and diagnosis of insomnia in traditional Chinese medicine based on five-spirit.,Methods,2,Thirty-six female Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into three groups： ,Zhi, unrest in the kidney group （kidney group）， ,Po, unrest in the lung group （lung group） and normal group. The sleep deprived model of ,Zhi, unrest in the kidney was prepared by long time sitting on the cold and wet sand in the rat cage. The model of ,Po, unrest in the lung was prepared by the shallow water environment in narrow and long platforms. The sleep was evaluated through sleep monitor and the learning and memory function was evaluated by Water Morris Maze test. The levels of serum GABA and Glu as well as brain Glu were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the levels of GABA in different brain regions were detected by immunohistochemistry.,Results,2,Compared with the normal group， the sleep time was shortened in the 2 model groups. The arousal times increased in the lung group and decreased in the kidney group. The kidney group showed a decrease in sleep time due to inability to fall asleep again in the late stage of sleep， while the lung group showed a decrease in sleep time caused by frequent awakening in the morning and afternoon （,P,<,0.05）. The escape latency in the kidney group was longer and the number of times crossing the platform in the kidney group was less than those in the lung group （,P,<,0.05）. The levels of serum GABA and Glu decreased significantly in the lung group. The levels of serum and brain Glu decreased significantly in the kidney group and lower than that in the lung group. The levels of GABA in hypothalamus， thalamus， retrosplenial granular b cortex， motor cortex， etc.， decreased significantly in the two model groups with lower levels in the lung group（,P,<,0.05）. The level of GABA in auditory area and hippocampal amygdaloid transitional area in the lung group was lower than that in the kidney group， while the level of GABA in hippocampal amygdala transitional area in the kidney group was higher than that in the normal group（,P,<,0.05）.,Conclusions,2,There exists learning and memory dysfunction in the 2 types of insomnia model rats， which is worse in the rats,with, Zhi, unrest in the kidney. Insomnia rats with, Zhi ,unrest in the kidney have lower Glu level， while insomnia rats,with ,Po ,unrest in the lung have lower GABA level， which indicates that there are differences in Glu， GABA and other molecular levels between ,Zhi, unrest in the kidney and ,Po, unrest in the lung in the diagnosis of TCM insomnia based on five-spirit classification.