Objective,2,To explore the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndromes in patients with colorectal precancerous lesions， and follow up their recurrence rate and canceration rate.,Methods,2,The patients with colorectal precancerous lesions admitted to Changzheng Hospital affiliated to Naval Military Medical University from January 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled as the research objects， and their baseline conditions （pathological type， gender， age， adenoma location and size， etc.）， TCM syndrome differentiation， recurrence rate and canceration rate were analyzed retrospectively.,Results,2,①In the course of study， a total of 316 effective cases were collected. Among them， there were 217 cases of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia （LGIN） and 99 cases of high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia （HGIN）； there were slightly more males （58.54%） than females （41.46%）； the age range of most patients was from the age of 40 to 60 （65.82%）； precancerous lesions mostly occurred in the left colon （73.42%）； most tumors were less than 2 cm in size （86.08%）. ②There were 73 cases of spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome， 86 cases of damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome， 85 cases of excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome， 37 cases of yang deficiency and cold coagulation syndrome， and 35 cases of blood stasis syndrome. ③The results of TCM syndrome differentiation showed that the cases with damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome and excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome accounted for 27.22% and 26.90% respectively， followed by cases with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome （23.10%）. In the LGIN group， the cases with spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome （27.65%） and damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome （27.65%） were in the majority； In the HGIN group， the cases with excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome accounted for 32.32%， which was the highest proportion， followed by the cases with damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome， which accounted for 26.26%. ④In the LGIN group， cases with the damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome had the highest 5-year recurrence rate （61.67%）， followed by the cases with yang deficiency and cold coagulation syndrome （58.33%）， excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome （56.6%） and spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome （40.00%）， and cases with blood stasis syndrome had the lowest 5-year recurrence rate （35.00%）. In the HGIN group， cases with the blood stasis syndrome had the highest 5-year recurrence rate （80.00%）， followed by cases with damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome （69.23%）， excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome （62.50%）， spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome （53.85%） and yang deficiency and cold coagulation syndrome （53.85%）. ⑤In terms of canceration rate， patients with canceration usually had excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome， damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome or blood stasis syndrome， and the canceration rates of each syndrome were 9.38%， 6.67% and 3.85% respectively.,Conclusions,2,Patients with colorectal precancerous lesions mostly have damp-heat accumulation and binding syndrome， excessive phlegm-turbidity stagnation syndrome or spleen deficiency and qi stagnation syndrome. Phlegm-turbidity， damp-heat and blood stasis are not only pathological products， but also important pathogenic factors leading to the recurrence and canceration of colorectal precancerous lesions， which should be paid special attention to in clinical practice.