Objective,2,To observe the effect of self-made Yiqi Jiedu Decoction combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b on the local microecological environment and related immune function indexes in patients with cervical persistent high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection., Methods,2,A total of 64 patients with cervical persistent high-risk HPV infection were included and divided into the treatment group and control group according to the random number table, 32 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were treated with recombinant human interferon α-2b vaginal effervescent tablet, and the patients in the treatment group were orally treated with self-made Yiqi Jiedu Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. The treatment course of both groups was three months. The HPV negative change was compared between the two groups; the indexes of vaginal microecological environment were evaluated including the pH value of vaginal secretions and Nugent score, and the recovery rate of vaginal microecological environment was compared; the interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-12 levels of cervix were detected.,Results,2,①The total effective rate of HPV negative change was 87.5% in the treatment group and was 62.5% in the control group, and the HPV negative change in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (,P,<,0.05). ②The recovery rate of vaginal microecological environment was 84.4% in the treatment group and was 46.9% in the control group, and the recovery of vaginal microecological environment in the treatment group was better than that in the control group (,P,<,0.05); after treatment, the pH value of vaginal secretions and Nugent score in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (,P,<,0.05), and the pH value of vaginal secretions and Nugent score in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (,P,<,0.05). ③After treatment, the IFN-γ and IL-12 levels of cervix in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment, the level of IL-4 was significantly decreased (,P,<,0.05), and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (,P,<,0.05) and the level of IL-4 was lower than that in the control group (,P,<,0.05).,Conclusion,2,Self-made Yiqi Jiedu Decoction combined with recombinant human interferon α-2b can effectively improve the local microecological environment of cervix and enhance the HPV negative rate and local immune function in the treatment of cervical persistent high-risk HPV infection.