Objective,2,To observe the clinical effect of Zhu’s Bushen Huoxue Recipe in treating patients of premature ovarian failure (POF) with syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis and explore the correlation between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and microRNA-23a (miR-23a) of POF patients, so as to seek a safe and effective method for the treatment of POF.,Methods,2,Seventy-three patients of POF with syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis were included and randomly divided into the Chinese medicine group (35 cases) and western medicine group (38 cases). The patients in the Chinese medicine group were orally treated with Bushen Huoxue Recipe, and the patients in the western medicine group were orally treated with estradiol tablets/estradiol and dydrogesterone tablets. The treatment course was 3 menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, the scores of Chinese medical syndrome in both groups were evaluated and compared; the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E,2,), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T), AMH and miR-23a were detected, and the correlation between AMH and miR-23a was analyzed by Pearson test; the uterine volume, ovarian volume and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistance index (RI) of ovarian artery were tested through transvaginal B-mode ultrasound.,Results,2,①The score of Chinese medical syndrome: After treatment, the scores of Chinese medical syndrome in the two groups were significantly decreased (,P,<,0.01), and the score of the Chinese medicine group was lower than that of the western medicine group (,P,<,0.01). ②The levels of serum sex hormones: After treatment, the levels of FSH in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment (,P,<,0.01), and the level of LH in the western medicine group was also decreased compared with that before treatment (,P,<,0.05). ③The levels of AMH and miR-23a: After treatment, the levels of AMH in the two groups were increased (,P,<,0.05), and the levels of miR-23a were decreased (,P,<,0.05); there were no statistically significant differences in the levels of AMH and miR-23a between the two groups (,P,>,0.05). The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the levels of AMH and miR-23a in POF patients before treatment (,r,=-0.328,P,<,0.05), and there was a negative correlation between the AMH and miR-23a D-values of before and after treatment in the Chinese medicine group (,r,=-0.470,P,<,0.01). ④The indexes of ultrasound test: After treatment, the PSV of ovarian artery in the two groups was significantly increased compared with that before treatment (,P,<,0.01), the RI of ovarian artery in the Chinese medicine group was significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (,P,<,0.01), and the RI of ovarian artery in the Chinese medicine group was lower than that in the western medicine group (,P,<,0.05).,Conclusion,2,Zhu’s Bushen Huoxue Recipe can effectively improve the Chinese medical syndrome in POF patients with syndrome of kidney deficincy and blood stasis, regulate the balance of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPO axis), enrich the blood supply of ovarium, decrease the level of miR-23a, increase the level of AMH, and improve the ovarian reserve function.