To summarize the research progress of paeoniflorin(PF)in neuroprotection in the past decade. Paeoniflorin has a wide range of pharmacological effects in the nervous system,mainly including anti-oxidation of nerve cells(such as reducing the level of oxygen free radicals,regulating the content of nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase,and activating adenosine A1 receptors),preventing mitochondrial damage,regulating MAPK,PI3K/Akt,Nrf2/ARE signal transduction pathway,preventing calcium influx,regulating autophagy,inhibiting neuroinflammation,etc.