Objective:To investigate the intervention effect of Xiayuxue Decoction(XYXD) on acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MethodsTwenty-four male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal group(n=8),model group(n=8) and XYXD group (n=8). The mice in the XYXD group were given intragastric administration of XYXD at a dose of 0.4 678 g/kg (equivalent to 10 times that of the adult body mass of 75 kg), and the mice in the normal group and the model group were given the same amount of double distilled water. Four hours later, the mice in the XYXD group and the model group were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (10 mg/kg). After 18 hours, the liver function and histopathology were detected. The expressions of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and CXC chemokine ligand 15 (CXCL15) were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), CXC chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2), CC chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), CXC chemokine receptor 1 (CXCR1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were detected by real-time PCR.  Results:Compared with the normal group, the levels of ALT and AST in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.001), and XYXD could significantly improve the liver function injury induced by LPS (P<0.05). Histopathology showed that the infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver tissue was obvious in the model group, and the positive expressions of MPO and CXCL15 were significantly increased after LPS treatment (P<0.001), mainly distributed in interlobule and hepatic sinusoid, and XYXD significantly inhibited neutrophil infiltration. The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the mRNA expressions of TNF- α, IL-6 inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including MCP-1, CXCL2, CCL3 and CXCR1 in the model group increased significantly (P<0.001), and XYXS could significantly inhibit the increase of inflammatory cytokines / chemokines induced by LPS (P<0.01).  Conclusion:LPS induces neutrophil infiltration and up-regulates the expressions of inflammation cytokines and chemokines. XYXD has a significant inhibitory effect on liver injury induced by LPS.