Objective:To systematically evaluate the effects of elemene on quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. MethodsThe databases including China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, VIP Chinese periodical full-text and web of science were used to retrieve the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving chemotherapy combined with elemene treatment group (treatment group) and chemotherapy alone group (control group) in the treatment of advanced cancer. Data extraction and quality evaluation were conducted for the included documents. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. The efficacy and safety on improving the quality of life of patients in both groups were compared.  Results:①A total of 20 RCTs were included. ②The stability rate of quality of life [OR=2.87,5% CI (2.28,3.61), P<0.000 1] and the improvement rate of quality of life [OR=2.89,5% CI (2.32,3.75), P<0.000 1] of patients in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group. ③The incidence rate of leukocyte inhibition [OR=0.40,5% CI (0.29,0.55), P <0.000 1], the incidence rate of platelet inhibition [OR=0.50,5% CI (0.36,0.69), P<0.000 1] and the incidence rate of gastrointestinal reactions [OR=0.64,5% CI (0.49,0.84), P =0.001] in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group. However, the incidence rate of fever [OR=2.90, 95% CI (1.62,5.22), P =0.000 4] in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences on the incidence rate of liver function damage [OR=0.72,5% CI (0.45,1.15), P=0.17], the incidence rate of kidney function damage [OR=0.48,5% CI (0.16, 1.45), P=0.19] and the incidence rate of phlebitis [OR=2.45,5% CI (0.62,9.63), P=0.20] between the two groups.  Conclusion:Compared with chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy combined with elemene can not only significantly improve the quality of life of patients with advanced cancer, but also reduce the myelosuppression and gastrointestinal adverse reactions. However, the application of elemene increases the risk of fever in patients, so the specific clinical application should be applied according to the specific circumstances of patients.