1. 北京中医药大学中医学院,北京,100029
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金光亮. 从兵法奇正看中医治法思想与分类[J]. 上海中医药杂志, 2017,51(11):29-31.
JIN Guang-liang. Discussion on thoughts and classification of Chinese medical treatment methods from “Qizheng”in art of war[J]. Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2017,51(11):29-31.
《老子》最早提出“奇正”概念,《孙子兵法》将其用于分类、概括兵法。受其影响,中医学也将“奇正”概念用于分类事物。根据“奇正”概念的基本精神,可从思想原理角度将中医治法分为两大类:一是针对疾病的病邪、病性等采取性质相反、直接对抗的方法,如寒者热之、热者寒之、虚者补之、实者泻之等,来源于兵法中的正法,与处理事务的常规相符合,可称为“正治法”;一是采用非直接对抗的,而是顺从疾病的病邪、病位或病势等方面的特性,或是根据机体整体联系等认识而治的方法,如因势利导、火郁发之、阳病治阴等,来源于兵法中的奇兵,与处理事务的常规有所不同,可称为“奇治法”。深入理解中医各种治法的思想原理,对于完善中医治疗学体系以及正确运用这些治法,都具有重要意义。
The concept of “Qizheng”was first proposed in Lao Zi,and used to classify and review the art of war in Military Science of Sun Zi(Sunzi Bingfa). Under its influence,traditional Chinese medicine also use the concept of “Qizheng”for the classification of things. According to the basic spirit of “Qizheng”concept,from the view of ideological principle,the Chinese medical treatment methods can be divided into two major categories. One is taking the opposite treatments and performing the direct confrontation for the pathogenic factors and disease nature,such as treating cold syndrome with hot natured drugs,treating heat syndrome with cold natured drugs,treating deficiency syndrome with tonifying method,treating excess syndrome with purgative method and so on. This comes from the usual principle(“Zheng”)in art of war,which is consistent with conventional transaction processing,and can be called as“orthodox treatment”. The other is not direct confrontation,but taking treatments according to the pathogen,location,condition and other characteristics of diseases or based on the whole body connection,such as adroitly to guide one’s actions according to circumstances,fire stagnation requiring dissipation,treating yin for the yang disease and so on. This method comes from the unusual principle(“Qi”)in art of war,which is somewhat different from conventional transaction processing,and can be called as“retrograde treatment”. A thorough understanding of the ideological principles of various Chinese medical treatment methods is of great significance for the improvement of therapeutic system of traditional Chinese medicine and correct application of these treatment methods.
奇正兵法治法
“Qizheng”art of wartreatment methods
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