By consulting the ancient books and modern works that related to Tongxie Yao Fang(important formula for painful diarrhea),this paper made the textual research and analysis on its prescription origin and the syndrome corresponding to prescription. It found that the original recipe originated from Danxi Xinfa(Danxi’s Mastery of Medicine)written by Zhu Danxi in Yuan Dynasty,and the name as Tongxie Yao Fang first appeared in Yifang Kao written by Wu Kun in Ming Dynasty. Wu Kun explained the pathogenesis of liver-yang hyperactivity and spleen deficiency in the treatment with Tongxie Yao Fang,which inherited by physicians in later generations. With the deepening understanding of later generations on Tongxie Yao Fang and Chinese medicine,there were many disputes around its prescription origin and the syndrome corresponding to prescription. This paper aimed to benefit the theoretical research and clinical application of Tongxie Yao Fang.