This paper investigated the origin and development of meridians differentiation. The study finds that the emergence and development of meridians differentiation has experienced a long period from pre Qin Dynasty to Ming and Qing Dynasties. The embryonic form of meridians differentiation emerged at book copied on silk in pre Qin Dynasty. The foundation of meridians differentiation was established in Qin and Han Dynasties classics,and the complete system associated with relationship among organ viscera,meridians and collaterals,meridians differentiation,collaterals differentiation,six meridians of foot was made. The acupoint indications and the theory of Eight Extraordinary Channels were further developed in the period of Wei,Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Song,Jin and Yuan Dynasties,the flowering of all schools presented,and there were many breakthroughs in the theory of channel tropism,fourteen channels and others. Until Ming and Qing Dynasties,the theory of collaterals was further developed,which made the system of meridians differentiation more perfect.