This paper discussed the influence of “harmony” thoughts of pre-Qin Taoism and Confucianism on the theory of health maintenance in Inner Canon of Huangdi. Inner Canon of Huangdi was written in the Qin and Han dynasties,and the theory construction of health maintenance was greatly influenced by “harmony” thoughts of pre-Qin Taoism and Confucianism. “Harmony” thoughts of Taoism emphasize “harmony and equality in the development”“benevolent governance and solidarity to conform to social development”“mutual support of body and spirit”. Confucian theory put forward that “harmony” is a balanced relationship between human and nature and “harmony” is an efficient management for society and politics. On the basis of these theories,Inner Canon of Huangdi summarized the theories of health maintenance that harmony between human and nature,harmony between persons and things,harmony between body and spirit.