Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of chiropractic intervention on premature and low birth weight infants. Methods160 cases of premature and low birth weight infants were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group, 80 cases in each group. The control group was received routine treatment and nursing of western medicine, while the treatment group was given extra chiropractic therapy on the basis of treatment for the control group. The course of treatment for the two groups were both duration of hospital stay. The changes of weight at discharge, oral feeding time and hospitalization time,level of total bilirubin,white blood cell and C reactive protein were observed.  Results:① After treatment, there were statistically significant differences on the weight at discharge, oral feeding time and hospitalization time between the two groups,the weight at discharge of the treatment group was significantly heavier than that of the control group,and the oral feeding time and hospitalization time of the treatment group were significantly less than those of the control group(P<0.05). ②Comparison between postnatal and discharge time within group,there were statistically significant differences on the level of total bilirubin and white blood cell in the treatment group(P<0.05),there were statistically significant differences on the level of total bilirubin,white blood cell and C reactive protein in the control group(P<0.05).At discharge time,there were statistically significant differences on the level of total bilirubin,white blood cell and C reactive protein between the two groups,and those of the treatment group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).  Conclusion:Chiropractic intervention on premature and low birth weight infants could promote the growth and development, shorten the hospitalization time and oral feeding time and prevent the neonatal jaundice.