Objective:To study the effects of Qingfei Zhikeling syrup on pathology of lung tissue and serum IL-8 and TNF-α of rats with chronic bronchitis in acute attack. Methods40 Wistar rats(20 male and 20 female)were randomly divided into the blank group,positive drug group,model group,Chinese medicine group with low-and high-dose,8 rats in each group. Except the blank group,the model of chronic bronchitis in acute attack was established in the other rats by improved smoked method. The morphological changes of bronchus and lung tissue were observed under light microscope,and the serum contents of IL-8 and TNF-α were determined.  Results:There were statistically significant differences on the serum contents of IL-8 and TNF-α between the blank group and model group(P<0.05). Compared with the blank group,the serum contents of IL-8 and TNF-α in the Chinese medicine group with low-and high-dose and positive drug group were all decreased(P<0.05). Pathological results showed that the morphological injuries of bronchus and lung tissue of rats with chronic bronchitis in acute attack were improved in various degrees after the treatment with Qingfei Zhikeling syrup with low-and high-dose and positive drug.  Conclusion:Qingfei Zhikeling syrup shows repair and anti-inflammatory effect on lung tissue of rats with chronic bronchitis in acute attack,which may be related to reducing the serum contents of IL-8 and TNF-α.