This article reviewed the mechanism research progress on the oral absorption of protein polypeptide components in Chinese traditional medicine from animal. By consulting and summarizing the domestic and foreign literature, it suggested that the absorption and transportion of protein peptides were mainly performed through the carrier transport, pinocytosis and M cell pathway, cell bypass and glutathione (GSH) transport system.Meanwhile the process of oral absorption into the blood and relevant mechanisms of venom, hirudin, lumbrokinase, pilose antler,4 kinds of protein from animal source with significant clinical effect were analyzed,which showed great application value and significance for the development of protein polypeptide drugs from animal source.