Objective:To study the influence of “Buqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction” on the nailfold microcirculation and nerve function in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.   Methods:Fifty-six subjects were randomized into two groups:control group in which 28 cases were treated by conventional therapy and observation group in which 28 cases were treated by conventional therapy and “Buqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction”. The nailfold microcirculation and serum nerve function indexes were observed before and after treatment.  Results: After treatment, the white microembolus rate and vascular malformation rate were reduced and the apical vascular diameter was increased in both groups(P<0.05), with significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05). After treatment, the serum NSE, S100B and GFAP were reduced in both groups(P<0.05), with significant reduction in the the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).  Conclusion::“Buqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction” is effective to improve the microcirculation and nerve function in the treatment of post-stroke hemiplegia.