Objective:To investigate the mechanism of tyrosine kinase c-kit protein expression and serum stem cell factor(SCF) in producing abdominal fullness by chemotherapy in rats and its role in treating fullness by “Xiaopi Decoction”. Methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided into normal group, model group, Cisapride group, and high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose “Xiaopi Decoction” groups. Except for the normal group, the rats in the other five groups were established to be spleen deficiency by injection of chemotherapy drugs by tail vein. The rats in the normal group and model group were given physiological saline by gavage; the rats in the low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups were given 100%, 150% and 200% of “Xiaopi Decoction”; and the rats in the Cisapride group given Cisapride by intragastric gavage. The treatment was given for 7 days. The general condition of the rats were observed, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was adopted to detect serum SCF and the immunohistochemical detection was used to determine the c-kit protein expression in the gastric muscles.  Results: The c-kit protein expression in the gastric muscle and serum SCF level were lower in the model group than in the normal group(P<0.05); the c-kit protein expression in the gastric muscle and serum SCF level were higher in the high-dose “Xiaopi Decoction” group than in the model group and Cisapride group(P<0.05); the c-kit protein expression in the gastric muscle and serum SCF level were changed little in medium-dose and low-dose “Xiaopi Decoction” groups(P>0.05).  Conclusion: “Xiaopi Decoction” can increase the c-kit protein expression in the gastric muscle and serum SCF level to maintain the stability of c-kit/SCF signaling pathway, hence to restore gastrointestinal movement to relieve abdominal fullness after chemotherapy.