Objective:To investigate the protective effect on myocardium of three commonly used tonifying qi traditional Chinese medicine including ginseng, astragalus and liquorice in mice with acute myocardial injury induced by adriamycin. MethodsModel of acute myocardial injury was induced by adriamycin with intraperitoneal injection. Mice were randomly assigned to normal group, model group, astragalus group (10 g/kg), ginseng group (3 g/kg) and liquorice group (3 g/kg). Ginseng, astragalus and liquorice were given orally to mice continuously for 15 days starting at 4 days before modeling. The serum levels of myocardial enzymes including creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and the left ventricular histopathology were measured. The effect of anti-oxidative stress was detected and the cardiac energy metabolism was quantitatively determinated with HPLC method.  Results:Compared with that in the normal group, the serum activities of myocardial enzymes were significantly increased, the myocardium had large area of edema, muscle fiber of vacuolization, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were decreased and myocardial energy metabolism was abnormal in the model group. Compared with that in the model group, the serum activities of myocardial enzymes in the ginseng, astragalus and liquorice groups were decreased significantly, and myocardial edema was alleviated. And ginseng and astragalus could improve the activity of GSH-Px. The three tonifying qi traditional Chinese medicine could improve myocardial energy metabolism slightly, among them the function of astragalus was the strongest, and the next was that of ginseng. Liquorice had a significant effect on increasing the concentration of cAMP of myocardial tissue.  Conclusion:In conclusion, Ginseng, astragalus and liquorice have protective effect on acute myocardial injury induced by adriamycin in mice, and the function may be related to the regulation of myocardial energy metabolism and the increase of the activities on antioxidant enzymes. The significant trend of astragalus is regulating energy metabolism, and the antioxidant effect of ginseng and astragalus is remarkable. The effect of liquorice on increasing the concentration of cAMP is significant.