Objective: On the basis of big data, this paper aims to discuss renal toxicity of the common herbs in department of rheumatology, such as Alismatis Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Dutchmanspipe Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma. Methods The personal data (gender, medicine dosage, frequency, etc.) of all patients of Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine taking Alismatis Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Dutchmanspipe Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma from January 1,9 to December 31,3 as stored in computers, prescriptions and renal function (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-hour urine protein) and other information total 12 560 000 were compared and sorted based on big data processing.  Results: The renal dysfunction incidence of patients taking Alismatis Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma, Dutchmanspipe Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma was 1.15%, 2.46%, 1.50% and 0% respectively. Alismatis Rhizoma:Among patients taking Alismatis Rhizoma, proportion of those with renal dysfunction increased with the increase of cumulative dosage. Only one person clinically took Dutchmanspipe Herba Aristolochiae Mollissimae in recent five years, with cumulative dosage up to 300 g, and did not show renal dysfunction phenomenon. The renal dysfunction incidence was increased with the age of patients who took Alismatis Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma.  Conclusion: It is safe to use Alismatis Rhizoma, Asari Radix et Rhizoma and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma by properly combining them under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine theory. Renal dysfunction incidence is far less than that reported in relevant literature on experimental study.