Analysis of origins and development of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty

LIU Qiqi; ZHU Lingling

doi:10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250911002

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Analysis of origins and development of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty

更新时间：2026-04-01

- Analysis of origins and development of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty
- Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vol. 60, Issue 4, Pages: 41-52(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  上海中医药大学中医学院（上海 201203）
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250911002
  CLC：
- Received：11 September 2025，
  
  Published：10 April 2026
- 稿件说明：
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刘奇琦,朱凌凌.宋以前乳房疾病源流考辨[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(4):41-52.

LIU Qiqi,ZHU Lingling.Analysis of origins and development of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(4):41-52.
刘奇琦,朱凌凌.宋以前乳房疾病源流考辨[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(4):41-52. DOI： 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250911002.

LIU Qiqi,ZHU Lingling.Analysis of origins and development of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(4):41-52. DOI： 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250911002.

摘要

通过对古代文献资料的梳理，厘清宋以前医家对乳房疾病认识的发展脉络，并加以辨析。研究发现，先秦两汉乳痈似为乳肿兼溃，乳痛属足阳明经病范畴，治疗以灸法为主，循经论治；魏晋乳房疾病多属外科，治疗初分寒热虚实，妬乳或为总称，或与乳痈同；隋代乳房疾病属妇人杂病，多由内虚外感所致；唐代乳房疾病或属外科，或属产后病，乳痈、妬乳时有分歧，发乳范畴缩小。先秦至唐代医家们对乳房疾病认识的不断深化，构建了乳房疾病的理法方药基本框架，为后世临床手段的丰富和完善提供依据和参考。

Abstract

This article aims to clarify the development of ancient Chinese medical understanding of breast diseases before the Song Dynasty through a review of ancient literature， and to analyze it. The study found that in the Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties， mastitis seemed to be the same as breast swelling， and breast pain was considered a disease of the Foot Yangming Meridian， with moxibustion being the main treatment method， following the meridian theory. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties， breast diseases were mostly classified as surgical conditions， and treatment was based on the differentiation of cold， heat， deficiency， and excess， and galactostasis （Du Ru） possibly being a general term or synonymous with mastitis.In the Sui Dynasty， breast diseases were categorized as miscellaneous diseases of women， often caused by internal deficiency and external invasion. In the Tang Dynasty， breast diseases were either classified as surgical conditions or postpartum diseases， with some differences in the understanding of mastitis and galactostasis （Du Ru）， and the scope of "breast abscess" narrowed. The continuous deepening and development of medical understanding of breast diseases from the Pre-Qin period to the Tang Dynasty established the basic framework of theory， methods， prescriptions， and drugs for breast diseases， providing a basis and reference for the enrichment of clinical methods in later generations.

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