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1.上海中医药大学脾胃病研究所(上海 200032)
2.经方与现代中药融合创新全国重点实验室(上海 201203)
3.上海中医药大学科技实验中心(上海 201203)
4.上海中医药大学公共健康学院(上海 201203)
5.上海中医药大学中西医结合学院(上海 201203)
Received:18 August 2025,
Published:10 May 2026
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王亦融,王雪,郭海婧,等.基于代谢组学探讨苓桂术甘汤通过LPC‑PPARα轴改善代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎的作用机制[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(5):34-47.
WANG Yirong,WANG Xue,GUO Haijing,et al.Exploring mechanism of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction⁃associated steatohepatitis via LPC‑PPARα axis based on metabolomics[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(5):34-47.
王亦融,王雪,郭海婧,等.基于代谢组学探讨苓桂术甘汤通过LPC‑PPARα轴改善代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎的作用机制[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(5):34-47. DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250818003.
WANG Yirong,WANG Xue,GUO Haijing,et al.Exploring mechanism of Linggui Zhugan Decoction in ameliorating metabolic dysfunction⁃associated steatohepatitis via LPC‑PPARα axis based on metabolomics[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(5):34-47. DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250818003.
目的
2
探讨苓桂术甘汤(LGZG)通过调控溶血磷脂酰胆碱(LPC)代谢改善蛋氨酸胆碱缺乏饮食(MCD)诱导的代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝炎(MASH)的作用机制。
方法
2
①采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)鉴定LGZG的化学成分,并借助网络药理学构建“成分-靶点-通路”网络,预测其核心作用通路。②MASH模型SD大鼠随机分为模型组、LGZG组(16.56 g·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹)、维生素E
组(40 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹)及正常对照组(
n
=6),干预4周。检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平及肝脏甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平,通过苏木精-伊红(HE)和油红O染色评估肝脏病理学变化与脂质沉积,采用Western blot法检测肝组织过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)α、PPARγ共激活因子1α(PGC1α)、肉碱棕榈酰转移酶1a(CPT1a)及包含主要协同转运蛋白超家族结构域蛋白2a(Mfsd2a)的蛋白表达;利用肝脏代谢组学分析LPC代谢谱的变化。③建立AML12肝细胞脂质沉积模型,LPC(18∶0)干预后,通过细胞计数试剂盒(CCK-8)法检测细胞活力,油红O染色及TG水平检测评估脂质沉积,Western blot及荧光素酶报告基因实验验证LPC(18∶0)对PPARα通路的激活作用。
结果
2
①网络药理学分析提示PPAR信号通路是LGZG治疗MASH的潜在核心通路。②体内实验表明,LGZG能显著降低MASH大鼠血清ALT、AST水平及肝脏TG水平,改善肝脏脂肪变性、炎症浸润及NAS评分,其机制与肝脏PPARα、PGC1α、CPT1a蛋白表达上调,以及磷酸化乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(p-ACC)水平提高有关;代谢组学研究发现LGZG显著回调了MASH大鼠肝脏中多种下调的LPC,其中LPC(18∶0)水平显著升高,并伴随Mfsd2a转运蛋白表达的上调;相关性分析显示肝脏TG水平与LPC(18∶0)含量呈显著负相关。③细胞实验进一步证实,LPC(18∶0)可剂量依赖性地降低肝细胞TG水平,激活PPARα转录活性,并上调CPT1a蛋白表达及p-ACC/ACC比值。
结论
2
LGZG可能通过调控Mfsd2a促进内源性LPC(18∶0)的积累,进而激活PPARα信号通路,从而通过促进脂肪酸β氧化并抑制脂质从头合成的方式改善MASH肝脏脂代谢紊乱。
Objective
2
To investigate the mechanism by which Linggui Zhugan Decoction (LGZG) alleviates methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) via modulation of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) metabolism.
Methods
2
①The chemical constituents of LGZG were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS), and a “compound-target-pathway” network was constructed via network pharmacology to predict the key signaling pathways involved. ②The MASH model SD rats were randomly divided into model group, LGZG group (16.56 g·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), vitamin E group (40 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹), and normal control group (
n
=6), with intervention for 4 weeks. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in rat serum, as well as the levels of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the liver were measured. Histopathological changes and lipid deposition of liver were a
ssessed via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. Hepatic protein expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α, PPARγ coactivator 1α (PGC1α), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1a), and major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein 2a (Mfsd2a) were determined by Western blot. Hepatic metabolomics was employed to analyze alterations in the LPC metabolic profile. ③An AML12 hepatocyte lipid deposition model was established, and after intervention with LPC (18∶0), the cell viability was determined by the CCK-8 assay, while lipid deposition was evaluated by oil red O staining and TG content measurement. The activation effect of the PPARα pathway by LPC(18∶0) was validated using Western blot and a luciferase reporter gene assay.
Results
2
①Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the PPAR signaling pathway is a potential key pathway for LGZG in treating MASH. ②
In vivo
experiments showed that LGZG could significantly reduce the serum ALT and AST levels and hepatic TG level in the rats, as well as improve liver steatosis, inflammatory infiltration and NAS score. The mechanism is related to the upregulation of liver PPARα, PGC1a, and CPT1a protein expressions, as well as the increase in phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC) level. Metabolomics studies revealed that LGZG significantly reversed the downregulation of various LPCs in the liver of MASH rats. Among them, the level of LPC(18∶0) significantly increased, accompanied by the upregulation of the Mfsd2a transporter protein expression. Correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse relationship between hepatic TG levels and LPC(18∶0) content. ③Cell experiments further confirmed that LPC(18∶0) could dose-dependently reduce the TG level in hepatocytes, activate PPARα transcriptional activity, and up-regulate CPT1a protein expression and the p-ACC/ACC ratio.
Conclusions
2
LGZG may promote the accumulation of endogenous LPC(18∶0) by regulating Mfsd2a, and then activate the PPARα signaling pathway, thereby improving the lipid metabolism disorder in MASH liver by promoting fatty acid β-oxidation and inhibiting lipid de novo lipogenesis.
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