YU Shihan,ZHANG Xuemei,SHI Jia,et al.Main active components of Cinobufacini inhibit progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating cGAS⁃STING signaling pathway in macrophages[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(1):82-91.
YU Shihan,ZHANG Xuemei,SHI Jia,et al.Main active components of Cinobufacini inhibit progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating cGAS⁃STING signaling pathway in macrophages[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(1):82-91. DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20250506001.
Main active components of Cinobufacini inhibit progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by activating cGAS⁃STING signaling pathway in macrophages
To elucidate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) effect and immunoregulatory mechanism of the main active components of Cinobufacini (Huachansu), including bufalin, cinobufagin, bufotalin, cinobufotalin and resibufogenin, using
in vitro
and
in vivo
models.
Methods
2
①
In vitro
: Human Huh7 and mouse Hepa1-6 HCC cells were treated with individual components. Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8) assay. DNA damage and γ-histone H2A variant X (γ- H2AX) expression were analyzed using DNA quantification kits, comet assays, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. A co-culture system of tumor cell (Huh7, Hepa1-6) supernatant and macrophages (human THP-1, mouse RAW264.7) was established. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to measure protein expression of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway and the levels of downstream cytokines. ②
In vivo
: An orthotopic Hepa1-6 HCC model was established in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were treated with individual components (
n
=5) to verify valid
ate tumor suppression via the cGAS-STING pathway.
Results
2
①
In vitro:
Bufalin, cinobufagin, bufotalin and cinobufotalin significantly induced DNA damage, promoted γ-H2AX expression, activated the cGAS-STING pathway in macrophages and enhanced interferon-β (IFN-β) secretion. ②
In vivo
: These components activated the cGAS-STING pathway, secreted IFN‑β, and significantly inhibited tumor growth.
Conclusion
2
Bufalin, cinobufagin, bufotalin, and cinobufotalin inhibit HCC growth by activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway through immunoregulation, supporting their potential as immunotherapeutic strategies.
关键词
Keywords
references
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