Retrospective cohort study on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of 649 cases of 1‑year‑old children undergoing health examinations

XU Jie; CAI Yiqin; LI Jing; ZHANG Meiyang; WEI Mingbo; CHEN Binbin; TANG Huashan

doi:10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20241221001

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Retrospective cohort study on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of 649 cases of 1‑year‑old children undergoing health examinations

更新时间：2026-02-09

- Retrospective cohort study on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of 649 cases of 1‑year‑old children undergoing health examinations
- Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine Vol. 60, Issue 2, Pages: 53-57(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.上海市浦东新区合庆社区卫生服务中心儿童保健科（上海 201201）
  2.上海市浦东新区合庆社区卫生服务中心预防保健科（上海 201201）
  3.上海市浦东新区合庆社区卫生服务中心中医科（上海 201201）
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20241221001
  CLC：
- Received：21 December 2024，
  
  Published：10 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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徐洁,蔡亦琴,李婧,等.649例1周岁健康体检儿童中医体质回顾性队列研究[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(2):53-57.

XU Jie,CAI Yiqin,LI Jing,et al.Retrospective cohort study on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of 649 cases of 1‑year‑old children undergoing health examinations[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(2):53-57.
徐洁,蔡亦琴,李婧,等.649例1周岁健康体检儿童中医体质回顾性队列研究[J].上海中医药杂志,2026,60(2):53-57. DOI： 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20241221001.

XU Jie,CAI Yiqin,LI Jing,et al.Retrospective cohort study on traditional Chinese medicine constitution of 649 cases of 1‑year‑old children undergoing health examinations[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2026,60(2):53-57. DOI： 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2026.z20241221001.

摘要

目的

分析1周岁健康体检儿童的中医体质情况，为儿童中医调养和保健提供理论依据。

方法

回顾性分析在上海市浦东新区合庆社区卫生服务中心健康体检儿童的体检和中医保健资料，根据相关标准判定中医体质类型，进行中医体质分析，采用logistic回归分析探讨偏颇体质的影响因素。

结果

①共有649例儿童的资料纳入分析，649例儿童中以单一体质者居多，兼夹体质者偏少，按频次从高到低排序依次为平和质（83.05%）、阴虚质（7.55%）、痰湿质（2.93%）、气虚质（2.62%）、湿热质（0.92%）、阳虚质（0.77%）、特禀质（0.00%）、阳热质（0.00%）、食滞质（0.00%）。②不同性别在单一体质和兼夹体质中分布差异无统计学意义（

0.05）。③平和质和偏颇体质儿童在分娩方式、睡眠时长、户外活动时长、既往感染情况、食欲情况、是否存在无症状性贫血等方面，差异有统计学意义（

0.05）。④logistic回归分析结果显示，无症状性贫血［

=0.344，95%

（0.088~0.339），

0.05］、既往感染情况［

=0.389，95%

（0.159~0.733），

0.05］、食欲情况［

=1.030，95%

（0.001~0.039），

0.05］是1周岁儿童偏颇体质的影响因素。

结论

1周岁儿童中医体质以平和质为主，偏颇体质受贫血、既往感染情况、食欲情况的影响，3种因素均为偏颇体质的危险因素，早期加强对儿童的饮食、健康指导，有助于减少偏颇体质的发生。

Abstract

Objective

To analyze the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitution of 1-year-old children undergoing health examinations and provide theoretical support for pediatric TCM-based care and health preservation.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on the physical examinations and TCM healthcare data of children who underwent health examinations at Heqing Community Health Service Center in Pudong New Area， Shanghai. According to relevant standards， TCM constitution types were identified， and an analysis of TCM constitutions was performed. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of biased constitutions.

Results

①A total of 649 children's data were included in the analysis. Among them， children with a single constitution were more common， while those with mixed constitutions were less frequent. The types in descending order of frequency were： balanced constitution （83.05%）， yin deficiency constitution （7.55%）， phlegm damp constitution

（2.93%）， qi deficiency constitution （2.62%）， damp heat constitution （0.92%）， yang deficiency constitution （0.77%）， special endowment constitution （0.00%）， yang excess constitution （0.00%）， and food stagnation constitution （0.00%）. ②There were no statistically significant differences between genders in the distribution of single and mixed constitutions （

0.05）. ③Statistically significant differences were found between children with balanced and biased constitutions in terms of delivery method， sleep duration， outdoor activity time， previous infection status， appetite， and the presence of asymptomatic anemia （

0.05）. ④The results of logistic regression analysis showed that asymptomatic anemia ［

=0.344， 95%

（0.088， 0.339），

0.05］， past infection history ［

=0.389， 95%

（0.159， 0.733），

0.05］， and appetite status ［

=1.030， 95%

（0.001， 0.039），

0.05］ were influencing factors for biased constitutions in 1-year-old children.

Conclusions

The TCM constitution of 1-year-old children is predominantly characterized by a balanced constitution. The biased constitutions are influenced by factors such as anemia， past infection history， and appetite status， all of which contribute to the development of biased constitutions. Strengthening early dietary and health guidance for children can help reduce the occurrence of biased constitutions.

关键词

Keywords

references

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