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1.上海中医药大学中药学院(上海 201203)
2.上海中医药大学国际教育学院(上海 201203)
3.经方与现代中药融合创新全国重点实验室(上海中医药大学)(上海 201203)
4.上海市生物医药科技发展中心(上海 201203)
Received:08 May 2025,
Published:10 November 2025
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林学玉,陈泽璇,张彤,等.白术对胃肠道的药理作用及其机制的研究进展[J].上海中医药杂志,2025,59(11):76-84.
LIM Xueyee,CHEN Zexuan,ZHANG Tong,et al.Research progress on pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma on gastrointestinal tract[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,59(11):76-84.
林学玉,陈泽璇,张彤,等.白术对胃肠道的药理作用及其机制的研究进展[J].上海中医药杂志,2025,59(11):76-84. DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2025.z20250508004.
LIM Xueyee,CHEN Zexuan,ZHANG Tong,et al.Research progress on pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma on gastrointestinal tract[J].Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2025,59(11):76-84. DOI: 10.16305/j.1007-1334.2025.z20250508004.
白术是一种中医临床常用于胃肠道疾病的大宗药材,其主要含两大活性成分群,即脂溶性的白术挥发油类成分(如苍术酮及白术内酯Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ等倍半萜),以及水溶性的白术多糖、糖苷类成分,具有抗炎、抗肿瘤、调节肠道菌群、调节肠道屏障、调节胃肠道动力等广泛药理活性。近年来,其药理作用机制逐渐受到重视,但碍于相关研究均处于初步探索阶段,基础相对薄弱,且缺乏系统总结,其作用靶点与信号通路研究较为分散。鉴于此,系统整理白术对胃肠道的抗炎、抗肿瘤、调节肠道菌群、调节肠道屏障、调节胃肠道动力等药理作用,并进一步整合白术对胃肠道药理作用在磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)、Janus激酶/信号转录激活因子3(JAK/STAT3)、Notch等多个经典信号通路的机制网络,以期阐明白术活性成分对胃肠道药理作用的系统特征与关键分子机制,为白术的进一步开发利用提供参考。
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine for the clinical treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Its primary bioactive components can be categorized into two main groups: lipophilic volatile oils (such as atractylone, atractylenolide Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, which are sesquiterpenes), and hydrophilic costituents, including atractylodis polysaccharides and glycosides. Baizhu exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, regulation of gut microbiota, enhancement of intestinal barrier function, and modulation of gastrointestinal motility. In recent years, its pharmacological mechanisms have gradually received attentions. However, due to the fact that relevant researches are still in the preliminary exploration stage, the foundation is relatively weak, and there is a lack of systematic summary, the studies on its molecular targets and signaling pathways remain fragmented. In response to this gap, this review provides a comprehensive summary of Baizhu's pharmalogical effects on the gastrointestinal tract, including its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, as well as its regulatory roles on gut microbiota, intestinal barrier function, and gastrointestinal motility. Furthermore, it integrates the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in these effects, focusing on several classical signaling pathways such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3), and Notch. This review aims to elucidate the systematic characteristics and key molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological actions of Baizhu's active components on the gastrointestinal tract, providing a scientific basis for its further research, development and application.
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