Objective,2,To study the effect of nanoliposomal aerosol inhalation of Guben Pingchuan Formula （here in after referred to as Guben Pingchuan Inhaler） on immunity and gene expression in asthmatic guinea pigs.,Methods,2,Forty-eight guinea pigs were divided into six groups： normal control group， asthma model group， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） control group， Guben Pingchuan inhaler low-dose group （hereinafter referred to as low-dose group）， Guben Pingchuan Inhaler high-dose group （hereinafter referred to as high-dose group）， and western medicine control group. All the groups except for the normal group received an intraperitoneal injection of 10% ovalbumin in 0.9% NaCl solution to make the guinea pig model. Asthma model group， TCM control group， low-dose group， high-dose group， and western medicine control group inhaled 0.9% NaCl solution， Xiaoqinglong Mixture， nano-liposome aerosol inhaler of Guben Pingchuan Formula， and dexamethasone sodium phosphate， respectively. ELISA was used to detect allergy-related immunological indicators ［interleukin-4 （IL-4）， interleukin-5 （IL-5）， interleukin-12 （IL-12）， interleukin-25 （IL-25）， interferon γ （IFN-γ）］； RT-PCR technique was used to detect signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 （STAT6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） expression； HE staining was used to observe lung histopathology.,Results,2,The serum levels of IL-4， IL-5 and IL-25 in the asthma model group were higher and the levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ were lower than those in the normal control group， and the differences were statistically significant （,P,<,0.05）. The serum levels of IL-4 and IL-5 were lower and the serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ were higher in each drug intervention group than those in the asthma model group. Besides， the levels of IL-25 were lower in the TCM control group， low-dose group and western medicine control group than that in the asthma model group， and the differences were statistically significant （,P,<,0.05）. The expression of ,STAT6, and ,TNF,-,α, mRNA was higher in the asthma model group than that in the normal control group， and the differences were statistically significant （,P,<,0.05）. The expression of, STAT6 ,and ,TNF,-,α, mRNA was lower in both the low-dose and high-dose groups than that in the asthma model group and the TCM control group， and the differences were statistically significant （,P,<,0.05）. The expression of ,STAT6, and ,TNF,-,α, mRNA was lower in the low-dose group and the expression of ,TNF,-,α, mRNA was lower in the high-dose group than that in the western medicine control group， and the differences were statistically significant （,P,<,0.05）. Lung histopathology showed： the normal control group presented thickened pulmonary artery walls and mild inflammation due to nebulization and other factors； the asthma model group presented the most severe inflammatory condition and thickened arterial walls； the TCM control group presented alleviated inflammatory condition and proliferation of granulation tissue； the western medicine control group presented the destruction of lung tissue structure； the low-dose group presented thickened pulmonary artery walls， a small amount of secretion in the lumen of fine bronchi and 3 cases of mild/localized interstitial pneumonia； and the high-dose group presented thickened pulmonary artery walls， mild interstitial pneumonia， 2 cases of localized lung tissue destruction， and proliferation of granulation tissue.,Conclusion,2,Guben Pingchuan Inhaler showed some improvement in immunological indicators （IL-4， IL-5， IL-12， IL-25， IFN-γ）， expression of ,STAT6, and ,TNF,-,α, mRNA， and lung histopathology in asthmatic guinea pigs.