Objective,2,To explore the mechanism of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen extract affecting the mice growth in length and slow wave sleep of rats by regulating the cAMP-PKA pathway.,Methods,2,①Forty-eight Kunming male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: blank control group (intragastrically administered with deionized water, and injected with sterilized 0.9% NaCl in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration), blue ink group (intragastrically administered with deionized water, and injected with filtered and sterilized blue ink in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration), medication group (intragastric administration of the Ziziphi Spinosae Semen extract, and injection of filtered and sterilized blue ink in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration), positive control group (intragastric administration of jujube saponin A, and injection of filtered and sterilized blue ink in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration), Gi/o protein inhibitor + medication group (intragastric administration of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen extract, and injection of PT with filtered and sterilized blue ink in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration) and 5-HT1AR inhibitor + medication group (intragastric administration of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen extract, and injection of P-MPPF with filtered and sterilized blue ink in the lateral ventricle after the last intragastric administration). The mice in each group were given corresponding drugs by intragastric administration for 20 days. The body length of the mice was measured. The level of serum growth hormone (GH), the activity of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) in brain tissue, the contents of PKA and Gi/o protein in brain tissue were measured by ELISA. The expression of 5-HT1AR protein in mouse brain tissue was determined by Western blot. ②Thirty six SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (6 rats in each group). The grouping and administration methods were the same as those of mice. The sleep phase differences of rats were analyzed by WXL sleep automatic analysis system after 3 days of continuous administration.,Results,2,①Compared with the blank control group and the blue ink group, the body length of mice increased significantly in the medication group, the Gi/o protein inhibitor + medication group, the 5-HT1AR inhibitor + medication group and the positive control group (,P,<,0.01); Compared with the blank control group, the serum GH level, 5-HT1AR protein content and Gi/o protein content of mice in the medication group and the positive control group increased significantly (,P,<,0.01), and the 5-HT1AR activity was also increased (,P,<,0.05), while the PKA content was decreased significantly (,P,<,0.01) ; Compared with the blue ink group, the serum GH level was significantly increased (,P,<,0.01) and Gi/o protein content and 5-HT1AR activity were increased(,P,<,0.05), while the PKA content was decreased significantly (,P,<,0.01) in the medication group and the positive control group; Compared with the Gi/o protein inhibitor + medication group and the 5-HT1AR inhibitor + medication group, the serum GH level, the protein content of 5-HT1AR were increased significantly(,P,<,0.01) and 5-HT1AR activity was increased (,P,<,0.05) in the medication group and the positive control group. There were no significant differences in body length, GH level, 5-HT1AR activity, PKA content, Gi/oprotein content and 5-HT1AR protein content between the medication group and the positive control group (,P,>,0.05). ②Compared with the blank control group, the total sleep period was increased significantly in the medication group (,P,<,0.01) and the positive control group (,P,<,0.05). Compared with the blue ink group, the total sleep period was increased significantly in the medication group (,P,<,0.01) and the positive control group (,P,<,0.05). Compared with the Gi/o protein inhibitor + medication group and the 5-HT1AR inhibitor + medication group, the total sleep period increased significantly (,P,<,0.05) in the medication group and the positive control group. There was no significant difference in the total sleep period between the medication group and the positive control group (,P,>,0.05).,Conclusion,2,Ziziphi Spinosae Semen extract can increase the expression of Gi/o protein, increase the content and activity of 5-HT1AR in the brain through cAMP-PKA pathway, prolong slow wave sleep and promote the secretion of growth hormone to play the biological effect of promoting bone growth.