Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Suanzaoren Decoction on insomnia due to liver blood deficiency in patients with primary liver cancer (PLC) and its regulation on neuroendocrine-immune network. MethodsSeventy PLC patients complicated with liver blood deficiency insomnia were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 35 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with conventional integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for PLC. The treatment group was also given Suanzaoren Decoction granules, while the control group was given placebo. Both were treated for 28 days. The changes of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score, TCM syndrome score, hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), prealbumin (PAB), serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), melatonin (MT), interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) levels were compared.  Results:①The total effective rate was 88.2% in the treatment group and 27.3% in the control group. The overall therapeutic effect of Suanzaoren Decoction was better than that of placebo, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). ②After treatment, the total score of PSQI, the level of each serum component and TCM syndrome score in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group and before treatment (P<0.05), and the difference of each score before and after treatment in the treatment group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). ③Serum 5-HT and MT levels in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group and before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of serum IL-2R, IL-8 and TNF-α in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group and before treatment (P<0.05). The differences of the above indexes before and after treatment in the treatment group were greater than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in serum IL-6 level between the treatment group and the control group (P>0.05), and the differences before and after treatment showed no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). ④After treatment, the levels of Hb and PAB in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group and those before treatment (P<0.05), and the differences before and after treatment were greater than those in the control group (P<0.05).  Conclusion:Suanzaoren Decoction can effectively improve the sleep condition, nutrition level and liver blood deficiency symptoms of PLC patients with liver blood deficiency insomnia, increase the levels of serum 5-HT and MT, reduce the levels of serum IL-2R, IL-8 and TNF-α, regulate the neuroendocrine-immune network and improve the inflammatory environment in PLC patients to control the occurrence and development of tumors, indicating that tranquilizing mind and strengthening body resistance have therapeutic auxiliary effects in the treatment of deficiency syndrome of malignant tumor.