Objective:To observe the effects of Fuzheng Jiedu Granules on immune function and quality of life of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) during postoperative chemotherapy. MethodsIt’s a prospective randomized controlled study in which 80 patients after radical resection of stage IB ~IIIA NSCLC were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy combined with placebo, while the treatment group was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy combined with Fuzheng Jiedu Granules. After 4 cycles of chemotherapy, the immune function (CD3,+,、CD4,+,、CD8,+,、CD4,+,/CD8,+, NK cells), and quality of life scale (QLQ-C30, QLQ-LC13) within and between the two groups were compared.  Results:①During the trial, 4 cases in the treatment group dropped out and were removed, while 3 cases in the control group dropped out and were removed. In total, 73 cases finally completed the trial, including 36 cases in the treatment group and 37 cases in the control group. ②The improvement rate of CD4,+, T cells in the treatment group and the control group was 50.0% and 24.3% respectively, and the improvement rate of CD4,+, T cells in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P,<,0.05); The improvement stability rate of CD4,+,/CD8,+, in the treatment group and control group was 80.6% and 54.1% respectively, and the improvement stability rate of CD4,+,/CD8,+, in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P,<,0.05). ③The levels of CD3,+, T cells and CD4,+, T cells in the treatment group increased after treatment (P,<,0.05). In the control group, the levels of CD3,+, T cells and the CD8,+, T cells increased after treatment (P,<,0.05), and the levels of NK cells and CD4,+,/CD8,+, decreased after treatment (P,<,0.05). ④In the treatment group, the scores of physical function, emotional function and global health status in QLQ-C30 increased (P,<,0.05), while the scores of cognitive function, fatigue and insomnia decreased after treatment (P,<,0.05). In the control group, the physical function score increased (P,<,0.05) and the cognitive function score decreased after treatment (P,<,0.05). After treatment, there were significant differences in global health status and fatigue score between two groups (P,<,0.05). ⑤The cough score in the QLQ-LC13 in the treatment group decreased after treatment (P,<,0.05), while there was no significant difference in the scores of the control group compared before and after treatment (P,>,0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in the scores of QLQ-LC13 between two groups (P,>,0.05).  Conclusion:During the adjuvant chemotherapy after radical operation for NSCLC patients, the application of Fuzheng Jiedu Granules based on syndrome differentiation and the theory of “reinforcing healthy-qi and treating cancer” can help regulate the immune function of the body, improve fatigue and overall health status of patients, and further improve their quality of life.