Tendons adhere to bones and bones support tendons in physiological state, and the relationship between tendons and bones is tendon domination and bone subordination, which is determined by their own structures and functional characteristics, and is the premise and foundation of maintaining the harmony between tendons and bones. When tendons and bones suffer severe acute injury under direct or indirect violence, they should be paid equal attention in treatment. As for chronic tendon and bone lesions, the key pathological link is tendons deviating from groove, bone dislocation, and treatment should focus on tendon injury, therefore tendon domination and bone subordination is the therapeutic principle. Adhering to the concept of “tendon domination and bone subordination” in diagnosis and treatment of chronic tendon and bone diseases is helpful for early detection of lesions and improvement of clinical efficacy. The main purpose of this paper is to call for attention to “tendon injury” in diagnosing and treating diseases in orthopedics and traumatology.