Objective:To observe the effect of Yigong Powder on repair of spleen tissue structure by inhibiting inflammatory reactions in mice with anemia of chronic disease(ACD). MethodsSixty 8-week-old male C57 BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into blank control group, model group and Yigong Powder group, 20 mice in each group. Except the blank control group, the model of mice with ACD was copied in the other groups (lipopolysaccharide and zymosan A were injected intraperitoneally at day 1 and day 7 respectively). At 5 days after injection of zymosan A, Decoction of Yigong Powder (15.413 g·kg-1·d-1) was administered by gavage to mice in the Yigong Powder group and 0.2 ml of ultra-pure water was given by gavage to the blank control and model groups. After 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment, whole blood was collected, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count and hemoglobin level were determined with an automated cell counter; the spleen tissue was isolated to observe the structure by HE staining; and mitochondria of spleen was observed under electron microscope.  Results:Compared to the blank control group, WBC count and neutrophil count increased and the hemoglobin level decreased (P<0.01), the spleen enlarged significantly, the spleen index increased (P<0.01), and the normal structure of mitochondria disappeared in spleen tissue in the model group. After 1 week and 2 weeks of treatment, compared to the model group, WBC count and neutrophil count decreased significantly and the hemoglobin level increased significantly (P<0.01); the spleen shrank significantly (P<0.01), and the spleen index decreased (P<0.01) in the Yigong Powder group. The mitochondrial structure was observed to be close to normal under electron microscope, and the number of damaged mitochondria was reduced.  Conclusion:Yigong Powder improves anemia in mice with ACD by inhibiting inflammatory reactions and reducing damage to the spleen tissue structure caused by inflammatory factors.