This paper discusses from textual research, annotation and clinical practice of Shanghan Lun(Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases). The study of Shanghan Lun focuses on textual criticism before Song Dynasty and original annotation after Song Dynasty. The former seeks the original appearance and the latter elucidates the medical theory. The close connection between Shanghan Lun and clinical practice is the basis of the study. It should pay attention to the specific treatment methods and prescriptions,meanwhile,it also should fully understand the principles and rules of syndrome treatment in Shanghan Lun,as well as the pattern and system of clinical diagnosis and treatment.