Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified Erxian Decoction combined with Jinghuosu in the treatment of oligospermia and asthenospermia with deficiency of kidney yang. Methods105 patients of oligospermia and asthenospermia with deficiency of kidney yang were randomly divided into the combination group, Chinese medicine group and Jinghuosu group, 35 cases in each group. The combination group was treated with modified Erxian Decoction plus Jinghuosu, the Chinese medicine group was treated with modified Erxian Decoction and the Jinghuosu group was treated with Jinghuosu, with a course of 3 months. The clinical efficacy was observed, and the changes on semen routine indicators were compared.  Results:①The clinical total effective rates were 62.9% in the Jinghuosu group, 65.7% in the Chinese medicine group and 82.9% in the combination group. The clinical efficacy of the combination group was significantly better than that of the Jinghuosu group (P<0.05) and the Chinese medicine group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference on the efficacy between the Jinghuosu group and Chinese medicine group (P>0.05). ②In all groups, there were statistically significant differences on the semen concentration, sperm survival rate, proportion of a-grade sperm and proportion of (a+b)-grade sperm between treatment before and after (P<0.05). After treatment, there were statistically significant differences on the semen concentration and sperm survival rate between the Chinese medicine group and Jinghuosu group (P<0.05). The improvement on all the indicators in the combination group was significantly better than that in the Jinghuosu group (P<0.05) and the Chinese medicine group (P<0.05).  Conclusion:The modified Erxian Decoction combined with Jinghuosu can significantly improve the semen quality and sperm motility in the treatment of oligospermia and asthenozoospermia with deficiency of kidney yang.