Objective:To observe the efficacy of therapy of benefiting qi and nourishing yin and clearing heat in the treatment of postoperative wound swelling and pain of high anal fistula with syndrome of dampness-heat diffused downward. Methods78 patients of high anal fistula with syndrome of dampness-heat diffused downward who had received the operation were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,39 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with therapy of benefiting qi and nourishing yin and clearing heat,and the control group was treated with therapy of clearing heat and eliminating dampness,with a course of 4 weeks. The changes on the syndrome efficacy and scores of wound swelling and pain in patients were observed.  Results:①The syndrome efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05),especially the improvement on yellow greasy fur(P<0.01).②The scores of wound pain,exudation and edema in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).  Conclusion:Compared with the single therapy of clearing heat and eliminating dampness,the therapy of benefiting qi and nourishing yin and clearing heat can more effectively alleviate the postoperative clinical symptoms and wound swelling and pain of high anal fistula with syndrome of dampness-heat diffused downward.