Objective:To investigate the influence of Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule on serum levels of stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α)and cell cycle regulatory protein P27 in diabetic rats. Methods48 SD rats were divided into the normal control group,model group,Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule(DJC)groups with high-and low-dose,pioglitazone group. Except the normal control group,the rats in the other groups were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks,and treated with streptozotocin (STZ) solution for intraperitoneal injection at dose of 35 μg/g only once. After successful modeling,the rats were received the intragastric administration for continuous 8 weeks. The blood was collected from abdominal aorta. The serum levels of SDF-1α and P27 were determined by double antibody sandwich ELISA. The blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were detected.  Results:Compared with the normal group,the level of SDF-1α in the model group was obviously decreased(P<0.01),while the expression of P27 was increased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group,the level of SDF-1α in the DJC groups with high- and low-dose and pioglitazone group was significantly increased(P<0.01),and the level of P27 was obviously decreased(P<0.01). For the comparison among the three treatment groups,there were no statistically significant differences on the levels of SDF-1α and P27(P>0.05). Compared with the normal group,the levels of blood glucose and HbA1c in the model group were significantly increased. After the treatment of Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule with high- and low-dose,the levels of blood glucose and HbA1c were obviously decreased. The correlation analysis showed that there were significant negative correlation between the blood glucose and SDF-1α (P<0.01) and significant positive correlation between the blood glucose and P27(P<0.01).  Conclusion:Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule can increase the serum SDF-1α level and inhibit the high expression of P27 in diabetic rats,which delays the diabetic renal lesions and protects the kidney function. It shows definite effects on decreasing the blood glucose and HbA1c.