Objective:To evaluate the effects of modified Xiaotan Decoction in the prevention of polyp recurrence one year after colorectal polypectomy(spleen deficiency with blood stasis syndrome). Methods There were 149 patients of colorectal polypectomy with complete medical data,who were identified as spleen deficiency with blood stasis syndrome in Chinese medicine and reviewed by colonoscopy one year after operation. Among,79 cases who had regularly taken Xiaotan Decoction for one year were divided into the treatment group,and 70 cases who had not taken any drugs were divided into the non-treatment group. The recurrence one year after colorectal polypectomy and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome in both groups were compared.  Results: ① One year after colorectal polypectomy,the recurrence rate in the treatment group was 18.99%(15 cases),which was lower than 38.57% in the non-treatment group(27 cases)(P<0.05). Among,the recurrence rate of adenomatous colorectal polyps and non-adenomatous polyps was 20.75% and 15.38% in the treatment group and 42.86% and 32.14% in the non-treatment group respectively,there was statistically significant difference on the recurrence rate of adenomatous polyps between the two groups(P<0.05). ② The obvious change of fear of cold in the treatment was not found(P>0.05),but other single syndrome were all improved in the treatment group(P<0.05).  Conclusion: The modified Xiaotan Decoction shows certain effects in the prevention of polyp recurrence after colorectal polypectomy(spleen deficiency with blood stasis syndrome),and improves the TCM syndrome of patients to some extent.