Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of catgut embedment in acupoints and Chinese medicine for the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)  Methods: Ninety cases with PCOS were randomized into treatment group and control group, with 45 cases in each group. Control group was treated with “Bushen Jianpi Huatan Formula”, and treatment group was added with catgut embedment in acupoints, with the course of 3 menstrual cycles. The clinical efficacy, related indicators in the serum (FPG, FINS, HOMA-IR and LP), body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were detected and compared  Results: ① Eighty-four cases finished the trial, with 41 cases in the treatment group and 43 cases in the control group. ② The total effective rate was 80.49% in the treatment group and 65.15% in the control group, with a difference between the two groups (P<0.05). ③ In both groups, there were significant differences in the levels of HOMA-IR, LP and WHR between before and after treatment (P<0.05); after treatment, there were significant differences in the levels HOMA-IR, LP and WHR between the two groups (P＜0.05)  Conclusion: Combined catgut embedment in acupoints and Chinese medicine has positive effects on PCOS, and its mechanism may be association with lowering the serum leptin levels and reducing insulin resistance.